Casual taxable person means a person who occasionally undertakes transactions involving supply of goods or services or both in the course or furtherance of business, whether as principal, agent or in any other capacity, in a State or a Union territory where he has no fixed place of business.
A casual taxable person making taxable supply in India has to compulsorily take registration. There is no threshold limit for registration. A casual taxable person cannot exercise the option to pay tax under composition levy. He has to apply for registration at least five days prior to commencing his business in India.
A casual taxable person has to make an advance deposit of tax in an amount equivalent to his estimated tax liability for the period for which the registration is sought.
As we are having federal structure and every citizen of India has fundamental right to do business across the country, it may be possible that a person having fixed place or residence in one state may go to other state to do business. GST is destination based consumption tax. In case of person of other state going to another state and doing business there, the said state in which goods are consumed will not be able to get his share of taxes. In such scenario it is important to define the same. As per section 2(20) “casual taxable person means a person who occasionally undertakes transactions involving supply of goods or services or both in the course or furtherance of business, whether as principal, agent or in any other capacity, in a State or a Union territory where he has no fixed place of business.”
As a result, where a person is not having fixed place of business and occasionally undertakes transactions involving Supply then the said person will be treated as casual taxable person and he has to comply with the provisions related to casual taxable person.
Registration of Casual taxable person in GST
There is no special form to register as a casual taxable person. The normal form GST REG-01 which is used by other taxable persons can be used for registration by casual taxable person. A casual taxable person, before applying for registration, declare his Permanent Account Number, mobile number, e-mail address, State or Union territory in Part A of FORM GST REG-01 on the common portal, either directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner.
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The Permanent Account Number shall be validated online by the common portal from the database maintained by the Central Board of Direct Taxes. The mobile number declared shall be verified through a one-time password sent to the said mobile number; and the e-mail address shall be verified through a separate one-time password sent to the said e-mail address. On successful verification of the Permanent Account Number, mobile number and e-mail address, a temporary reference number shall be generated and communicated to the applicant on the said mobile number and e-mail address.
Using this reference number generated, the applicant shall electronically submit an application in Part B of FORM GST REG-01, duly signed or verified through electronic verification code, along with the documents specified in the said Form at the common portal, either directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner.
The applicant will be given a temporary reference number by the Common Portal for making the mandatory advance deposit of tax for an amount equivalent to the estimated tax liability of such person for the period for which the registration is sought. The registration certificate shall be issued electronically only after the said deposit appears in his electronic cash ledger. The amount deposited shall be credited to the electronic cash ledger of casual taxable person. On depositing the amount, an acknowledgement shall be issued electronically to the applicant in FORM GST REG-02.
The casual taxable person can make taxable supplies only after the issuance of the certificate of registration. The certificate of registration shall be valid for the period specified in the application for registration or ninety days from the effective date of registration, whichever is earlier.
In case the casual taxable person intends to extend the period of registration indicated in his application of registration, an application in FORM GST REG-11 shall be submitted electronically through the Common Portal, either directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner, before the end of the validity of registration granted to him. The validity period of ninety days can be extended by a further period not exceeding ninety days. The extension will be allowed only on payment of the amount of an additional amount of tax equivalent to the estimated tax liability for the period for which the extension is sought has to be deposited.
Casual taxable person Returns under GST:
The casual taxable person is required to furnish the following returns electronically through the common portal, either directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner:
- a) FORM GSTR-1 giving the details of outward supplies of goods or services to be filed on or before the tenth day of the following month.
- b) FORM GSTR-2, giving the details of inward supplies to be filed after tenth but before before the fifteenth day of the following month.
- c) FORM GSTR-3 to be filed after fifteenth day but before the twentieth day of the following month.
However, a casual tax person shall not be required to file any annual return as required by a normal registered taxpayer.
Refund by Casual taxable person:
The casual taxable person is eligible for the refund of any balance of the advance tax deposited by him after adjusting his tax liability. The balance advance tax deposit can be refunded only after all the returns have been furnished, in respect of the entire period for which the certificate of registration was granted to him had remained in force. The refund relating to balance in the electronic cash ledger has to be made in serial no. 14 of the last FORM GSTR-3 return required to be furnished by him (instead of FORM GST RFD 01)..
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